Abstract Background Several studies considered the relation between long-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) and total mortality, as well as mortality from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases.Our aim was to provide a comprehensive review of European epidemiological studies on the issue.Methods We searched the Medline database for epidemiol
Research methods are "technique(s) for.gathering data" (HARDING 1986) and are generally dichotomised into being either quantitative or qualitative.It has been argued that methodology has been gendered (OAKLEY 1997; 1998), with quantitative methods traditionally being associated with words such as positivism, scientific, objectivity, statistics and
Patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) can present with other congenital anomalies, but an associated choledochal cyst (CC) has rarely been described.The simultaneous diagnosis of both anomalies complicates patient management.There is no consensus on the ideal timing for CC excision.Unrepaired CC is associated with risks of developing